搜题

女.5岁。自幼唇、指(趾)甲床青紫,乏力,活动后气促,体格发育落后,为先天性心脏病、法洛四联症。

临床执业医师 2023-05-08

此患儿畸形组成
A.二尖瓣狭窄,室间隔缺损,肺动脉骑跨,右心室肥厚
B.主动脉狭窄,房间隔缺损,主动脉骑跨,左心室肥厚
C.肺动脉狭窄,室间隔缺损,主动脉骑跨,右心室肥厚
D.二尖瓣狭窄,房间隔缺损,肺动脉骑跨,左心室肥厚
E.肺动脉瓣狭窄,房间隔缺损,主动脉骑跨,右心室肥厚

参考答案:C

23.法洛四联症是存活婴儿中最常见的青紫型先天性心脏病,由4种畸形组成,分别是肺动脉狭窄、室间隔缺损、主动脉骑跨、右心室肥大。阵发性缺氧发作,多见于婴儿,发生的诱因为吃奶、哭闹、情绪激动、贫血、感染等。表现为阵发性呼吸困难,严重者可引起突然昏厥、抽搐,甚至死亡。其原因是在肺动脉漏斗部狭窄的基础上,突然发生该处肌部痉挛,引起一时性肺动脉梗阻,使脑缺氧加重所致。年长儿常诉头痛、头昏。

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